Satellite TV is a way for people to watch TV, it gets a signal to people's TV by beaming a signal onto a Satellite Station where the channels are. Satellite television provides a wide range of channels and services especially to geographic areas without terrestrial television or cable television.
In 1945 a British Sci-Fi writer named, Arthur C. Clarke proposed a world-wide communications system which would function by means of three satellite equally spaced apart in Earth orbit. His idea was published in the October 1945 issue of the Wireless World Magazine and won him the Franklin Institute's Stuart Ballantine Medal in 1963. The first satellite TV signals from Europe to North America were relayed via the Telstar Satellite over the Atlantic Ocean on 23rd July 1962, the signals were received and broadcast in North American and European countries and watched by over 100 Million.
Cable TV is another way for people to watch TV, it is done by delivering TV programming to paying subscribers via radio frequency signals transmitted through coaxial cables or light pulses through fibre-optic cables.
During the 1980s in the US, mandated regulations not unlike public, educational, and government access channels created the beginning of the cable-originated live TV programming. This evolved into what it is today where many cable networks provide live cable-only broadcasts.
Analogue TV is the original TV technology that used analogue transmission of video and audio. The information to be transmitted, the brightness, colours and the sound are represented by rapid variations of either the amplitude, frequency or phase of the signal.
The earliest systems were mechanical TV Systems which used spinning discs with patterns of holes punched into the disc to scan an image. Analogue TV didn't really begin as an industry until the development of the cathode-ray tube (a vacuum tube containing one or more electron guns and a fluorescent screen used to view images) it uses a focused electron beam to trace lines across a phosphor coated surface.
In the late 2000s and early 2010's Analogue TVs started to be switched for Digital TVs, the UK made the transition between 2008 and 2012.
Digital TV is the transmission of audio and video by digitally processed and multiplexed signal, in contrast to the totally analogue and channel separated signals used by analogue TV. Digital TV can support more than one program in the same channel bandwidth, it is an innovative service that represents the first significant evolution in TV technology since colour TV in the 1950s.
There are several different ways to receive digital TV, one of the oldest ways of receiving Digital TV is using an antenna/aerial. This is known as Digital Terrestrial TV, with it viewers are limited to whatever channels the antenna picks up.
There are many different types of technology that have been made since the making of films began. A lot of films have been re-made since the advance in technologies, an example of this is Godzilla, the original was created in 1954, then it was re-created in 1998 then again in 2014, the image below shows the 1954 Godzilla (top) and the 2014 Godzilla (bottom).
These images show the advancement in Technology because the 1954 image shows what looks like a rubbery texture on Godzilla whereas on the 2014 it looks almost like it's there.
Green Screen and Green Screen technology has been another big step since it first began, my example for this is a green screen scene from the old Batman, and a News Broadcast.
Batman:
This image from a scene in Batman shows Batman an Robin running through a town/city but you can clearly se that it isn't where they are and is in the background, whereas in this picture from the News:
Shows a greenscreen look then shows how it looks after being chroma keyed, this shows what looks like an entire studio with the News presenters stood in it asif they were in an actual studio.
Interactive
As time went on, TV for most of the time, was turn it on, watch what you want to then be done, but then came along the red button.
The Second Screen Experience is also an example of interactivity with TV. Second Screen Experience allows for viewers to do a variety of things, these things can be things such as; Watching Exclusive Interviews during a TV Show that are only accessible during the second screen experience whilst the show is on, as the picture below shows, play along with contestants in a quiz show, and many other things.
Internet
The internet began in 1993 but has developed more in recent years. The internet became a big deal in the film & TV industry because it allowed for companies, actors and such to become more interactive with their audience. They can create their own websites to promote and advertise the company and films made, then social media allowed for them to become interactive.
Facebook, Twitter and Youtube are the biggest for promoting and communicating with your audience, Facebook allows for companies to create a page for fans to like and have their say on what they think of the company and communicate with them and get responses back sometimes. Twitter is used most by Actors/Celebrities to communicate with their audience because it limits how much you can say with a character limit so they can't be spammed by long letters about how much they love them and inspire them etc. It also has a verification tick for official accounts which helps the audience find their favourite celebrites without following fake accounts. Youtube is the biggest for film makers because that is where they can upload trailers and exclusive videos for viewers to see, Youtube is also a good starting point for budding filmmakers as it allows them to upload their work and get it seen by people world wide.
HD
High Definition (HD) TV is a TV size/dimension that gives higher quality picture, different dimensions are show with a number followed by a "p" which a lot of people mistake for meaning "pixels" but it actually means Progressive Scan which is a way of displaying, storing or transmitting moving images in which all the lines of each frame are drawn in sequence. Some examples of different qualities are;Low quality which is seen as "144p" or "240p" standard definition (SD) which is what TVs were before HD is "360p". HDTV's began as "720p" but as technology developed it became "1080p" or "1920x1080p" which most computers and TV's use today.
4K
4K is the most recent development in TV Definition, it is also known as Ultra-High-Definition TV. It is twice the pixel size from the 1920x1080p HD Screens as it is 3840x2160. 4K is still limited as most computers and TVs aren't compatible with the resolution size. Some Youtube Videos and TV Shows are the 4K resolution for the TV's that are 4K ready.
This image shows how big of a change Screen Resolutions had when the addition of 4K came over 1080p HD.
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Blu-Ray
Blu-Ray was first released in 2006, it was designed and created to be the next step up from DVD. Blu-Ray is able to store videos/content at 1080p meaning and can hold more data than a standard DVD. Due to the increase in size of the disc a standard DVD Player cannot play Blu-Ray discs so you have to own a Blu-Ray Player or console that can play the disc.
3D
3D is the next big leap in advancing technologies in the Film & TV industry. 3D film's give a whole new look and feel to films as they enhance the illusion of depth perception which means that if the viewer is wearing 3D glasses they see the film almost like they are their as when things come towards you, it gives the illusion they are doing exactly that coming off the screen and coming at you. 3D features can be created in two different ways' using a regular motion picture camera system to record images from two perspectives or using computer-generated imagery to create the two perspectives in post-production.
3D is seen in more than just the cinema as you can now buy 3D Ready TV's which allow you to watch 3D programmes from your home as long as you have the correct eyewear.
Pay-Per-View
Pay-Per-View (PPV) is another way for film companies to gain funding. PPV's help companies gain their funding because each person who views it has to pay the price. Some TV Network providers allow for films to be watched as PPV, one of the most populare used PPV channels is Sky's "Sky Box Office" Sporting events are some of the most known and bought PPV's as shows such as UFC and WWE use PPV monthly for special events.
Streaming
Streaming Content has became very popular in recent years because most people are working or have other priorities so don't get the chance to watch their favourite TV Shows, Streaming content websites or apps such as BBC iPlayer, ITV Player, 4OD and 5OD are used in these situations as they show programs that have been on TV recently.
Another Streaming App which is more open is Netflix, Netflix allows for people to view TV Shows and Films where ever and when ever they want. Some videos are only on for a limited time but unlike the previously stated apps, Netflix keeps there videos on for long periods of time. As it became more popular, Netflix now also has several original series that can only be seen on Netflix.
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